Israel Science and Technology Directory

Biomedical Databases

List of common abbreviations that do not require further definition within an article.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry. To re-sort the list, click a column heading.

Biochemical Abbreviations
AbbreviationDefinition
ABCATP-binding cassette, e.g., ABC transporter
Acacetyl
AIDSacquired immunodeficiency syndrome
ALSamyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AMP, ADP, ATPadenosine 5'-mono, di-, and triphosphates
ATPaseadenosine triphosphatase
β-galβ-galactosidase
BSAbovine serum albumin
cAMPcyclic AMP (adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate)
CDcircular dichroism
cGMPcyclic guanosine monophosphate
CHAPS3-(3-cholamidopropyl) diethyl-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate
ChIPchromatin immunoprecipitation
CMP, CDP, CTPcytidine 5'-mono-, di-, and triphosphates
CoAcoenzyme A
COSYcorrelated spectroscopy
CRISPR clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
cryo-EMcryo-electron microscopy
C-terminalcarboxy-terminal
d as in dADP, dTMP, etc.deoxy
DEADacronym for Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp, e.g., DEAD-box helicase
DMSOdimethyl sulfoxide
DNAdeoxyribonucleic acid
DNasedeoxyribonuclease
dsDNAdouble-stranded DNA
dsRNAdouble-stranded RNA
DTTdithiothreitol
EC50half-maximal effective concentration
ED50half-maximal effective dose
EDTAethylenediaminetetraacetate
EGTA[ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid
ELISAenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EMelectron microscopy
EPRelectron paramagnetic resonance
FACSfluorescence-activated cell sorter/sorting
FAD, FADH2flavin-adenine dinucleotide and its fully reduced form
FITCfluorescein isothiocyanate
fMetformylmethionine
FMNriboflavin 5'-phosphate
FPLCfast protein liquid chromatography
FRETFörster/fluorescence resonance energy transfer
FTIRFourier transform infrared
GABAγ-aminobutyric acid
GalNAcN-acetylgalactosamine
GC, GLCgas chromatography, gas/liquid chromatography
GFPgreen fluorescent protein
GlcNAcN-acetylglucosamine
GMP, GDP, GTPguanosine 5'-mono-, di-, and triphosphates
G proteinguanine nucleotide–binding regulatory protein
GSH/GSSGglutathione and its disulfide form
Hepes or HEPES4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
HIVhuman immunodeficiency virus
HPLChigh-performance/pressure liquid chromatography
IC50concentration giving half-maximal inhibition
ID50half-maximal infective dose
IDP, IMP, ITPinosine 5'-mono-, di-, and triphosphates
IgG, etc.immunoglobulin G, etc.
IRinfrared
kDa or Dakilodalton, dalton
KMMichaelis-Menten constant
LC/MS, LC-MSliquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
LD50half-maximal lethal dose
mAbmonoclonal antibody
MALDImatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
MDM2mouse double minute 2 homolog
Mes or MES2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid
Mops or MOPS3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid
MRImagnetic resonance imaging
mRNAmessenger RNA
MSmass spectrometry/spectroscopy
mTORmechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin
Na,K-ATPasesodium-potassium pump
NAD, NAD+, NADH nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide and its oxidized and reduced forms
NADP, NADP+, NADPH nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate and its oxidized and reduced forms
NF-κBnuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NMRnuclear magnetic resonance
NOEnuclear Overhauser effect/enhancement
NOESYnuclear Overhauser effect/enhancement spectroscopy
N-terminal amino-terminal
NMP, NTP, NDPnucleoside 5'-mono-, di-, and triphosphates
O-GlcNAcylation O-linked attachment of N-acetylglucosamine to proteins
ORFopen reading frame
PAGEpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
PBSphosphate-buffered saline
PCRpolymerase chain reaction
PDZcontraction of post-synaptic density protein 95, Drosophila disc large tumor suppressor, and zonula occludens-1, e.g., PDZ domain
PEGpolyethylene glycol
PETpositron-emission tomography
Piinorganic phosphate
Pipes or PIPESpiperazine-N-N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)
pKathe logarithm of the acid dissociation constant
Poly(dG)Poly(dC), etc.single-stranded DNA composed of polydeoxyguanylate, polydeoxycytidylate, etc.
Poly[d(A-T)], etc.double-stranded DNA composed of polydeoxyadenylate and polydeoxythymidylate, etc.
PPiinorganic pyrophosphate
RNAribonucleic acid
RNAiRNA interference
RNA-SeqRNA sequencing
RNaseribonuclease
rRNAribosomal RNA
RT-PCRreverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction
SAH/AdoHcyS-adenosylhomocysteine
SAM/AdoMetS-adenosylmethionine
SDSsodium dodecyl sulfate
siRNAsmall interfering RNA
SNPsingle-nucleotide polymorphism
TCAtrichloroacetic acid
TFAtrifluoroacetic acid
THFtetrahydrofuran
TLCthin-layer chromatography
TMP, TDP, TTPribosylthymine 5'-mono, di-, and triphosphates
TMStrimethylsilyl
TOFtime-of-flight
Tristris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
tRNAtransfer RNA
t1/2half-life
UDP-galactoseuridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose
UDP-glucoseuridine 5'-diphosphate-glucose
UMP, UDP, UTPuridine 5'-mono, di-, and triphosphates
UTRuntranslated region
UVultraviolet
Vmaxmaximum velocity
WTwildtype