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List of Periodic Table elements sorted by → Abundance in Earth's crust

No.	*	Atomic weight	Name	Sym.	M.P. (°C)	B.P. (°C)	Density* (g/cm3)	Earth (%)*	Group*	Electron configuration
28		58.693	Nickel	Ni	1,453	2,732	8.90	0.02	10	[Ar]3d84s2
9		18.998	Fluorine	F	-220	-188	1.70	0.03	17	1s22s22p5
40		91.224	Zirconium	Zr	1,852	4,377	6.51	0.03	4	[Kr]4d25s2
24		51.996	Chromium	Cr	1,857	2,672	7.19	0.04	6	[Ar]3d54s
16		32.060	Sulfur	S	113	445	2.07	0.05	16	[Ne]3s23p4
17		35.450	Chlorine	Cl	-101	-35	3.21	0.05	17	[Ne]3s23p5
56		137.327	Barium	Ba	725	1,140	3.59	0.05	2	[Xe]6s2
6		12.011	Carbon	C	3,500	4,827	2.26	0.09	14	1s22s22p2
25		54.938	Manganese	Mn	1,245	1,962	7.43	0.09	7	[Ar]3d54s2
15		30.973	Phosphorus	P	44	280	1.82	0.13	15	[Ne]3s23p3
1		1.008	Hydrogen	H	-259	-253	0.09	0.14	1	1s
22		47.867	Titanium	Ti	1,660	3,287	4.54	0.62	4	[Ar]3d24s2
12		24.305	Magnesium	Mg	639	1,090	1.74	2.08	2	[Ne]3s2
19		39.098	Potassium	K	64	774	0.86	2.58	1	[Ar]4s
11		22.989	Sodium	Na	98	883	0.97	2.75	1	[Ne]3s
20		40.078	Calcium	Ca	839	1,484	1.55	3.65	2	[Ar]4s2
26		55.845	Iron	Fe	1,535	2,750	7.87	5.05	8	[Ar]3d64s2
13		26.981	Aluminum	Al	660	2,467	2.70	8.07	13	[Ne]3s23p
14		28.085	Silicon	Si	1,410	2,355	2.33	27.69	14	[Ne]3s23p2
8		15.999	Oxygen	O	-218	-183	1.43	46.71	16	1s22s22p4
2		4.002	Helium	He	-272	-269	0.18		18	1s2
3		6.940	Lithium	Li	180	1,347	0.53		1	1s22s
4		9.012	Beryllium	Be	1,278	2,970	1.85		2	1s22s2
5		10.810	Boron	B	2,300	2,550	2.34		13	1s22s22p
7		14.007	Nitrogen	N	-210	-196	1.25		15	1s22s22p3
10		20.180	Neon	Ne	-249	-246	0.90		18	1s22s22p6
18		39.950	Argon	Ar	-189	-186	1.78		18	[Ne]3s23p6
21		44.955	Scandium	Sc	1,539	2,832	2.99		3	[Ar]3d4s2
23		50.942	Vanadium	V	1,890	3,380	6.11		5	[Ar]3d34s2
27		58.933	Cobalt	Co	1,495	2,870	8.90		9	[Ar]3d74s2
29		63.546	Copper	Cu	1,083	2,567	8.96		11	[Ar]3d104s
30		65.380	Zinc	Zn	420	907	7.13		12	[Ar]3d104s2
31		69.723	Gallium	Ga	30	2,403	5.91		13	[Ar]3d104s24p
32		72.630	Germanium	Ge	937	2,830	5.32		14	[Ar]3d104s24p2
33		74.921	Arsenic	As	81	613	5.72		15	[Ar]3d104s24p3
34		78.971	Selenium	Se	217	685	4.79		16	[Ar]3d104s24p4
35		79.904	Bromine	Br	-7	59	3.12		17	[Ar]3d104s24p5
36		83.798	Krypton	Kr	-157	-153	3.75		18	[Ar]3d104s24p6
37		85.468	Rubidium	Rb	39	688	1.63		1	[Kr]5s
38		87.620	Strontium	Sr	769	1,384	2.54		2	[Kr]5s2
39		88.905	Yttrium	Y	1,523	3,337	4.47		3	[Kr]4d5s2
41		92.906	Niobium	Nb	2,468	4,927	8.57		5	[Kr]4d45s
42		95.950	Molybdenum	Mo	2,617	4,612	10.22		6	[Kr]4d55s
43	*	97.000	Technetium	Tc	2,200	4,877	11.50		7	[Kr]4d55s2
44		101.070	Ruthenium	Ru	2,250	3,900	12.37		8	[Kr]4d75s
45		102.905	Rhodium	Rh	1,966	3,727	12.41		9	[Kr]4d85s
46		106.420	Palladium	Pd	1,552	2,927	12.02		10	[Kr]4d10
47		107.868	Silver	Ag	962	2,212	10.50		11	[Kr]4d105s
48		112.414	Cadmium	Cd	321	765	8.65		12	[Kr]4d105s2
49		114.818	Indium	In	157	2,000	7.31		13	[Cd]5p
50		118.710	Tin	Sn	232	2,270	7.31		14	[Cd]5p2
51		121.760	Antimony	Sb	630	1,750	6.68		15	[Cd]5p3
52		127.600	Tellurium	Te	449	990	6.24		16	[Cd]5p4
53		126.904	Iodine	I	114	184	4.93		17	[Cd]5p5
54		131.293	Xenon	Xe	-112	-108	5.90		18	[Cd]5p6
55		132.905	Cesium	Cs	29	678	1.87		1	[Xe]6s
57		138.905	Lanthanum	La	920	3,469	6.15		3	[Xe]5d6s2
58		140.116	Cerium	Ce	795	3,257	6.77		101	[Xe]4f5d6s2
59		140.907	Praseodymium	Pr	935	3,127	6.77		101	[Xe]4f36s2
60		144.242	Neodymium	Nd	1,010	3,127	7.01		101	[Xe]4f46s2
61	*	145.000	Promethium	Pm	1,100	3,000	7.30		101	[Xe]4f56s2
62		150.360	Samarium	Sm	1,072	1,900	7.52		101	[Xe]4f66s2
63		151.964	Europium	Eu	822	1,597	5.24		101	[Xe]4f76s2
64		157.250	Gadolinium	Gd	1,311	3,233	7.90		101	[Xe]4f75d6s2
65		158.925	Terbium	Tb	1,360	3,041	8.23		101	[Xe]4f96s2
66		162.500	Dysprosium	Dy	1,412	2,562	8.55		101	[Xe]4f106s2
67		164.930	Holmium	Ho	1,470	2,720	8.80		101	[Xe]4f116s2
68		167.259	Erbium	Er	1,522	2,510	9.07		101	[Xe]4f126s2
69		168.934	Thulium	Tm	1,545	1,727	9.32		101	[Xe]4f136s2
70		173.045	Ytterbium	Yb	824	1,466	6.90		101	[Xe]4f146s2
71		174.967	Lutetium	Lu	1,656	3,315	9.84		101	[Xe]4f145d6s2
72		178.486	Hafnium	Hf	2,150	5,400	13.31		4	[Xe]4f145d26s2
73		180.947	Tantalum	Ta	2,996	5,425	16.65		5	[Xe]4f145d36s2
74		183.840	Tungsten	W	3,410	5,660	19.35		6	[Xe]4f145d46s2
75		186.207	Rhenium	Re	3,180	5,627	21.04		7	[Xe]4f145d56s2
76		190.230	Osmium	Os	3,045	5,027	22.60		8	[Xe]4f145d66s2
77		192.217	Iridium	Ir	2,410	4,527	22.40		9	[Xe]4f145d76s2
78		195.084	Platinum	Pt	1,772	3,827	21.45		10	[Xe]4f145d96s
79		196.966	Gold	Au	1,064	2,807	19.32		11	[Xe]4f145d106s
80		200.592	Mercury	Hg	-39	357	13.55		12	[Xe]4f145d106s2
81		204.380	Thallium	Tl	303	1,457	11.85		13	[Hg]6p
82		207.200	Lead	Pb	327	1,740	11.35		14	[Hg]6p2
83		208.980	Bismuth	Bi	271	1,560	9.75		15	[Hg]6p3
84	*	209.000	Polonium	Po	254	962	9.30		16	[Hg]6p4
85	*	210.000	Astatine	At	302	337	7.00		17	[Hg]6p5
86	*	222.000	Radon	Rn	-71	-62	9.73		18	[Hg]6p6
87	*	223.000	Francium	Fr	27	677	0.00		1	[Rn]7s
88	*	226.000	Radium	Ra	700	1,737	5.50		2	[Rn]7s2
89	*	227.000	Actinium	Ac	1,050	3,200	10.07		3	[Rn]6d7s2
90		232.038	Thorium	Th	1,750	4,790	11.72		102	[Rn]6d27s2
91		231.035	Protactinium	Pa	1,568	0	15.40		102	[Rn]5f26d7s2
92		238.028	Uranium	U	1,132	3,818	18.95		102	[Rn]5f36d7s2
93	*	237.000	Neptunium	Np	640	3,902	20.20		102	[Rn]5f46d7s2
94	*	244.000	Plutonium	Pu	640	3,235	19.84		102	[Rn]5f67s2
95	*	243.000	Americium	Am	994	2,607	13.67		102	[Rn]5f77s2
96	*	247.000	Curium	Cm	1,340	0	13.50		102	[Rn]5f76d7s2
97	*	247.000	Berkelium	Bk	986	0	14.78		102	[Rn]5f97s2
98	*	251.000	Californium	Cf	900	0	15.10		102	[Rn]5f107s2
99	*	252.000	Einsteinium	Es	860	0	0.00		102	[Rn]5f117s2
100	*	257.000	Fermium	Fm	1,527	0	0.00		102	[Rn]5f127s2
101	*	258.000	Mendelevium	Md	0	0	0.00		102	[Rn]5f137s2
102	*	259.000	Nobelium	No	827	0	0.00		102	[Rn]5f147s2
103	*	262.000	Lawrencium	Lr	1,627	0	0.00		102	[Rn]5f147s27p
104	*	267.000	Rutherfordium	Rf	0	0	0.00		4	[Rn]5f146d27s2
105	*	270.000	Dubnium	Db	0	0	0.00		5	[Rn]5f146d37s2
106	*	269.000	Seaborgium	Sg	0	0	0.00		6	[Rn]5f146d47s2
107	*	270.000	Bohrium	Bh	0	0	0.00		7	[Rn]5f146d57s2
108	*	0.000	Hassium	Hs	0	0	0.00		8	[Rn]5f146d67s2
109	*	0.000	Meitnerium	Mt	0	0	0.00		9
110		0.000		Ds	0	0	0.00
111		0.000		Rg	0	0	0.00
112		0.000		Cn	0	0	0.00
113		0.000		Nh	0	0	0.00
114		0.000		Fl	0	0	0.00
115		0.000		Mc	0	0	0.00
116		0.000		Lv	0	0	0.00
117		0.000		Ts	0	0	0.00
118		0.000		Og	0	0	0.00
No.		A. weight	Name	Sym.	M.P.	B.P.	Density*	Earth*	Group*	Electron configuration

Abbreviations and definitions:

No. - Atomic Number; M.P.: Melting point; B.P.: Boiling point

↑ Top of table

Footnotes:

• The density of elements with boiling points below 0°C is given in g/l. In a sorted list, these elements are shown before other elements that have boiling points >0°C.
• Earth crust composition average values are from a report by F. W. Clarke and H. S. Washington, 1924. Elemental compositions of crustal rocks differ between different localities (see article).
• Group: There are only 18 groups in the periodic table that constitute the columns of the table. Lanthanoids and Actinoids are numbered as 101 and 102 to separate them in sorting by group.
• The elements marked with an asterisk (in the 2nd column) have no stable nuclides. For these elements, the weight value shown represents the mass number of the longest-lived isotope of the element.
• For the Year of Discovery of elements see the list with the English and Hebrew names.

Abbreviations and Definitions:

No. - Atomic Number; A. weight - Atomic weight; M.P. - Melting point; B.P. - Boiling point

Atomic number: The number of protons in an atom. Each element is uniquely defined by its atomic number.

Atomic mass: The mass of an atom is primarily determined by the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Atomic mass is measured in Atomic Mass Units (amu), which are scaled relative to carbon, ¹²C, that is taken as a standard element with an atomic mass of 12. This isotope of carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. Thus, each proton and neutron has a mass of about 1 amu.

Isotope: Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number, but a different number of neutrons. The isotope of an element is defined by the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Elements have more than one isotope with varying numbers of neutrons. For example, the two common isotopes of carbon, ¹²C and ¹³C, have 6 and 7 neutrons, respectively. The abundance of each isotope depends on the source of materials. For relative abundances of isotopes in nature, see reference on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions.

Atomic weight: Atomic weight values represent weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element. The values shown here are based on the IUPAC Commission determinations based on the 2021 Table: https://iupac.qmul.ac.uk/AtWt/.
Reference: Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)

The elements marked with an asterisk have no stable nuclides. For these elements, the weight value represents the mass number of the longest-lived isotope of the element.

Electron configuration: See next page for explanation of electron configuration of atoms.

Other resources related to the Periodic Table

• List of Periodic Table Elements in Hebrew
• Chemical Evolution of the Universe
  
• Atomic Reference Data for Electronic Structure Calculations
• Multilingual Dictionary and Etymology of the Periodic Table Elements
• Atomic Weights of the Elements (From IUPAC)
• The story behind the discovery that elements are born in stars

Citation for the page

Israel Chemistry Directory. (2024, October 22). "Sortable list of elements of the Periodic Table". Retrieved from https://www.science.co.il/elements/